A Typology of Youth Participation and Empowerment for Child and Adolescent Health Promotion (2010)
Wong and her colleagues conclude that adolescent health is best promoted when youth and adults share control by taking on tasks and responsibilities that utilize their own strengths. The authors provide excellent figures that can be used in workshops and training to describe different types of relationships.
Li and Julian identify four elements of quality in “developmental relationships,” such as Y-AP. Quality programs: (1) engage the youth in progressively more complex challenges over time, (2) require reciprocity, where the youth both learn and teach others, (3) build emotional attachments among youth and adults, and (4) over time, the balance of power gradually shifts in favor of the youth.
