Wisconsin Alfalfa Yield and Persistence (WAYP) Program, 2017 Summary Report

Wisconsin Alfalfa Yield and Persistence (WAYP) Program
2017 Summary Report

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Program Objectives:

  1. To verify the yield and quality of alfalfa harvested from production fields over the life of the stand beginning with the first production year (year after seeding).
  2. To quantify decreases in stand productivity of alfalfa fields as they age.

2017 Overview:
This summary has now reached eleven years of project data. Once again, UW-Extension agents were asked to identify forage producers who would be willing to weigh and sample forage from a 2016-seeded field and continue to do so for the life of the stand. A total of 8 fields from 5 different farms were enrolled in the program in 2017 and 8 fields continued from previous years. The current summary includes data for the first, second, third, and fourth production years from fields entered into the program in 2014 through 2017 (2013-2016 seedings). There were two fourth-year stands remaining in the project, which are valuable for obtaining long-term data. As is always the case in these types of studies, there is some attrition of fields over time. This is either because the farmer decided to terminate the field because of winterkill, declining productivity or critical yield or forage quality data for a cutting or multiple cuttings could not be obtained. This year there were 18 fields dropped from the project that participated in 2016. Approximately half of these were winterkilled and half were older stands. Production data was collected for 16 fields in 2017 with a total of 3,226 dry matter tons of forage harvested, weighed, and sampled from 824 acres. A summary of all project fields (current and past) is presented in Table 1.

2017 Weather
The growing season overall was characterized by many extremes that ended up averaging out to a “normal” year. After a warm winter, the early season was generally cool and wet in most areas of the state. This led to delayed seeding as soils remained wet. Extreme winterkill was observed in NE Wisconsin counties where all 2nd production year fields and four of six 3rd year fields for this study were lost. This was regardless of a late fall cut being taken or not. First harvest timing was normal because spring growth was not as rapid as some previous years. Temperatures in June were generally near to above normal, while July and August were below normal. September and October were much above normal. Precipitation was variable, but generally wet until July and dry after. Some areas received very little rain in September. A very late killing frost allowed established stands and summer seeding time to recover and strengthen for the winter.

2016 Weather
The growing season overall was above average in terms of temperature and precipitation in most areas of the state. Similar to previous years, this varied across the state and though the season.  Many areas had normal temperatures with dry conditions in early spring, leading to quick greenup, rapid growth, and an early first cut.  However, by early June, regular and sometimes flooding rains started and persisted through the summer. This made timely harvest and drydown challenging. First cutting again varied widely with some fields being harvested the week before Memorial Day at high quality and others being delayed two weeks or more. Despite the wet weather and flooding, the southern part of the state stayed extremely dry through much of the summer.  Late summer and autumn saw above average temperature and rainfall.  Many fields were not harvested after mid-late August because of wet field conditions or the producers did not need additional forage.  These stands had better than normal fall growth and went into the fall looking good. New seedings had a tough year. Planting was generally timely, but cool and dry conditions in early May slowed growth and allowed disease to thin stands. Wet fields, especially those with previous tillage, had noticeable wheel traffic damage.

2015 Weather
The growing season overall was very close to normal in terms of temperature and precipitation for many areas.  Some areas were cooler and drier in early summer, but this balanced out in late summer.  September was the warmest on record for many places.  Significant winterkill and heaving affected eastern and central areas of the state.  The spring was mostly dry and warm, which resulted in timely planting and rapid alfalfa growth in May.  First cutting varied widely with many fields being harvested the week before Memorial Day at high quality and others being delayed one to two weeks because of heavy rains that started on Memorial Day weekend.  Some of these delayed fields caught up and still had four cuts while other only had three.  Many stands had good fall growth and went into the fall looking good.

Table 1.  Field background information
Field # 1st Production
Year
County Seeding Mo/Yr. Seeding Rate (lb/ac) Field Size (ac) Last Production
Year
107 2007 Outagamie 05/06 15 103.7 2009
207 2007 Outagamie 04/06 16 79.3 2009
307 2007 Outagamie 04/06 16 37.0 2010
407 2007 Outagamie 04/06 16 156.7 2009
507 2007 St. Croix 08/06 NA 51.0 2009
607 2007 Waupaca 04/06 15 24.1 2007
707 2007 Fond du Lac 04/06 17 15.7 2007
807 2007 Fond du Lac 04/06 17 39.7 2010
108 2008 Chippewa 04/07 15 18.8 2009
208 2008 Marathon 04/07 15 5.2 2011
308 2008 Winnebago 05/07 15 115 2011
408 2008 Winnebago 08/07 15 36.0 2011
508 2008 Winnebago 05/07 15 22.0 2011
608 2008 Outagamie 05/07 20 83.7 2011
708 2008 Outagamie 04/07 16 147.8 2011
808 2008 Outagamie 04/07 16 53.0 2011
908 2008 Outagamie 05/07 15 50.3 2011
1008 2008 Outagamie 08/07 15 194.8 2008
109 2009 St. Croix 08/08 NA 41 2011
209 2009 Winnebago 04/08 15 67 2012
309 2009 Winnebago 08/08 15 78 2011
409 2009 Brown 08/08 18 75 2011
509 2009 Chippewa 04/08 15 16.2 2009
609 2009 Calumet 04/08 12 15 2011
709 2009 Outagamie 05/08 20 74.8 2010
809 2009 Outagamie 05/08 20 63 2010
110 2010 Outagamie 05/09 16 48 2010
210 2010 Outagamie 05/09 16 110.2 2012
310 2010 Outagamie 05/09 16 61.7 2012
410 2010 Outagamie 05/09 16 111 2012
510 2010 Fond du Lac 04/09 17 50.3 2012
610 2010 Fond du Lac 04/09 17 19.3 2012
111 2011 Fond du Lac 04/10 17 10 2013
211 2011 Brown 04/10 17 35.7 2012
311 2011 Outagamie 05/10 20/+4 TF 75.8 2011
411 2011 Outagamie 05/10 20/+4 TF 72 2011
112 2012 St. Croix 08/11 16 73.9 2012
212 2012 Kewaunee 05/11 17 73.5 2014
312 2012 Outagamie 05/11 16 143.6 2014
412 2012 Outagamie 05/11 16 75 2014
512 2012 Outagamie 05/11 16 189 2014
Table 1.  Field background information (continued)
Field # 1st Production
Year
County Seeding Mo/Yr. Seeding Rate (lb/ac) Field Size (ac) Last Production
Year
612 2012 Outagamie 05/11 16 45.9 2014
712 2012 Outagamie 05/11 16 38.7 2013
812 2012 Dodge 05/11 16 59.6 2013
113 2013 Columbia 08/12 15 44.6 2015
213 2013 Outagamie 04/12 16 150.7 2014
313 2013 Outagamie 04/12 16 54 2014
413 2013 Outagamie 04/12 16 79.3 2014
513 2013 Brown 08/12 28 156 2013
114 2014 Fond du Lac 04/13 19 32.8 2016
214 2014 Fond du Lac 07/13 17 35.7 2016
314 2014 Fond du Lac 05/13 15 9.4 2016
414 2014 Fond du Lac 05/13 18 20.3 active
514 2014 Kewaunee 05/13 21 32 2016
614 2014 Door 05/13 18 60.8 2016
714 2014 Columbia 04/13 14 9.4 active
814 2014 Pierce 09/13 15 16.3 2015
914 2014 Marathon 07/13 12 14.2 2015
1014 2014 Marathon 06/13 15 32.5 2016
1114 2014 Outagamie 05/13 16 104.3 2014
1214 2014 Outagamie 05/13 16 156.8 2014
1314 2014 Outagamie 06/13 16 69 2014
1414 2014 Outagamie 05/13 20/+3.5 TF 38.9 2016
1514 2014 Outagamie 06/13 20/+3.5 TF 76.7 2015
115 2015 Manitowoc 06/14 16 19.3 active
215 2015 Door 07/14 18 52.0 2016
315 2015 Outagamie 05/14 16 55.7 2016
415 2015 Outagamie 05/14 16 110.2 2016
515 2015 Outagamie 05/14 16 86.5 active
615 2015 Outagamie 05/14 16 45.8 2016
715 2015 Outagamie 05/14 16 225.0 2016
815 2015 Marathon 06/14 18 11.4 active
915 2015 Marathon 06/14 15 5.61 2016
1015 2015 Columbia 04/14 15 15.9 active
116 2016 Marathon 04/15 12 20.0 active
216 2016 Outagamie 05/15 16 215.7 2016
316 2016 Outagamie 05/15 16 108.6 2016
416 2016 Outagamie 05/15 16 65.0 2016
516 2016 Outagamie 05/15 16 78.2 2016
616 2016 Outagamie 05/15 16 90.0 2016
716 2016 Columbia 05/15 16 11.9 active
117 2017 Door 05/16 18 48.6 active
217 2017 Kewaunee 07/16 20 33.7 active
317 2017 Outagamie 05/16 16 89.6 active
417 2017 Outagamie 05/16 16 103.4 active
517 2017 Outagamie 05/16 16 285.3 active
617 2017 Columbia 05/16 16 16.5 active
717 2017 Marathon 05/16 12 6.2 active
817 2017 Marathon 08/16 12 42.4 active

Data Collection:
Project fields were identified and an accurate measure of field size was determined (if not previously known). Forage yield from an entire project field was weighed (usually this was done with an on-farm drive-over scale). Both empty and full weights for all trucks/wagons used were recorded. Beginning in 2008, two forage samples from each harvest were taken and submitted to the Marshfield Soil and Forage Analysis Laboratory (only one sample was submitted per harvest in 2007) for NIR analysis. Data from the two forage samples was averaged and recorded into a spreadsheet by the local coordinator. The data was then shared with the producer following each harvest. At the end of the season, all data was collected and summarized for this report. 

Harvest Schedules:
Mean cutting dates by year are presented in Table 2 and cutting dates for all project fields harvested in 2017 are presented in Table 3. The 2017 season was marked by near average harvest dates for all cuts (Table 2). The average date of each cut was within 2 days of the eleven-year average.  Average first-cut date has ranged from May 16 in 2012 to June 10 in 2013. Regardless of first-cut date, the average fourth-cut date is generally within a week of September 1, with the exception of a few extreme weather years. The large majority of fields in this study and in 2017 were cut four times. Across years and sites, 25 fields were cut three times, 159 fields were cut four times (generally prior to or soon after September 1), and 22 fields were cut five times (generally four times before September 1 with a final cut in October).

First cut occurred over a 17 day range (May 24 to June 10) which is close to normal (Table 3).  Typically, first cut occurred over 19 days because of varying location and weather.  This ranged from 13 in 2007 to 45 in 2015. Twelve of the fields were cut the last week on May and four were cut in June.  Throughout the season, cutting date was affected by weather and individual producer’s decisions, contributing to wider ranges in subsequent cuttings. Four fields were cut 3 times this year and none were cut 5 times. The ten 4-cut fields that had the first cut taken in May ended up with a narrow 4th cut range of August 25-29. The average days between cutting for 4-cut fields was 1st to 2nd– 31, 2nd to 3rd– 28, and 3rd to 4th– 34. For the 3-cut fields it was 1st to 2nd– 41 and 2nd to 3rd– 35 days.

Table 2.  Mean cutting dates by year
           
  1st Cut 2nd Cut 3rd Cut 4th Cut* 5th Cut
Year Date Date Date Date Date
2007 22-May 24-June 25-July 30-Aug 21-Oct
2008 3-Jun 3-Jul 3-Aug 29-Aug 29-Oct
2009 31-May 1-Jul 4-Aug 5-Sep
2010 22-May 28-Jun 2-Aug 29-Aug 12-Oct
2011 31-May 1-Jul 31-Jul 31-Aug
2012 16-May 14-Jun 14-Jul 10-Aug 21-Sep**
2013 10-Jun 11-Jul 6-Aug 7-Sep
2014 4-Jun 9-Jul 7-Aug 13-Sep
2015 3-Jun 2-Jul 3-Aug 27-Aug 12-Sep
2016 29-May 26-Jun 26-Jul 19-Aug 1-Sep
2017 29-May 2-Jul 1-Aug 29-Aug
MEAN 29-May 30-Jun 30-Jul 29-Aug 1-Oct

*average excludes data where a 4th-cut was taken in October

** average includes 2 fields with 5th-cuts taken in late-August and 2 taken in early September

Table 3.  Summary of 2017 Cutting Dates
Field ID# County 1st Cut Date 2nd Cut
Date
3rd Cut
Date
4th Cut
Date
5th Cut
Date
414 Fond du Lac 24-May 20-Jun 24-Jul 22-Aug
714 Columbia 25-May 25-Jun 23-Jul 28-Aug
115 Manitowoc 28-May 27-Jun 21-Jul 21-Aug
515 Outagamie 26-May 28-Jun 22-Jul 23-Aug
815 Marathon 5-Jun 9-Jul 19-Aug 27-Sep
1015 Columbia 26-May 25-Jun 23-Jul 29-Aug
116 Marathon 10-Jun 31-Jul 31-Aug
716 Columbia 25-May 27-Jun 24-Jul 29-Aug
117 Door 29-May 4-Jul 30-Jul
217 Kewaunee 6-Jun 4-Jul 8-Aug 11-Sep
317 Outagamie 27-May 29-Jun 22-Jul 23-Aug
417 Outagamie 28-May 29-Jun 23-Jul 23-Aug
517 Outagamie 28-May 29-Jun 23-Jul 23-Aug
617 Outagamie 26-May 25-Jun 23-Jul 29-Aug
717 Marathon 31-May 7-Jul 19-Aug
817 Marathon 6-Jun 16-Jul 22-Aug
MEAN 29-May 2-Jul 1-Aug 29-Aug  
EARLIEST 24-May 20-Jun 21-Jul 21-Aug  
LATEST 10-Jun 31-Jul 31-Aug 27-Sept  

Forage Dry Matter at Harvest:
Alfalfa was harvested as haylage for all but 18 individual cuttings over the eleven years. Harvest dry matter data from the dry hay harvests was not included in the forage dry matter data means. Although project participants are not asked about storage structure, there is good reason to believe most of the farms are storing this forage in bunkers, piles, or bags.

Throughout the duration of this project total season dry matter percentage of harvested forage has ranged from 40 to 50% (Figure 1), though individual cuttings and total-season field means sometimes exceeded 50%, especially later in the season. It’s been questioned if this is too dry for obtaining optimum storage porosity in a bunker or pile. The trend has been toward lower dry matter percentages in recent years. For 2017 the average dry matter across all cuttings was 44%; however this ranged from 32 to 52%. Four fields finished the season with total-season dry matter means under 40% and one field was above 50%. It’s unclear if this was purposeful or if it is simply attributable to environmental conditions. 1st cut tends be harvested at a lower dry matter than other cuts. This is likely because drying weather improves through the season and this was the case in 2017.

2017 WAYP Figure 1

Forage Dry Matter Yield:
Average yield by cutting and for the season in each project year are presented in Figure 2. The highest average dry matter yields of just over 5.0 tons per acre were obtained in 2007 and 2010. A record low total-season dry matter yield average was set in 2013 at 3.7 tons per acre.

The average yield across all fields was 4.06 tons per acre in 2017, which was the third lowest year and 0.35 below the eleven-year average of 4.41 tons per acre. The overall season yield was nearly identical to 2011 and a little better than the challenging years of 2009 and 2013. First-cut yield of 1.65 tons per acre was slightly above average. This could be because harvest in some fields was delayed by wet field conditions. Second and third-cut yields were below average at 1.04 and 0.81 tons per acre, respectively. Fourth cut yield of 0.77 tons per acre was at the average. No fields were cut five times this year. Detailed yield data for each field by year are presented in Appendix A.

Once again there was extreme variation between fields in 2017 (Figure 3). Yields ranged from a high of 5.35 to a low of 2.60 tons per acre. No fields exceeded 6.0 tons per acre which is the benchmark for top yields in the study having only been reached 10 times over 11 years.  The highest yielding field since the project’s inception was 6.55 tons per acre in 2012. In contrast, three fields did not reach 3.0 tons per acre. Some of these fields likely suffered winter injury, but producers had to keep them in production to get some forage. There have now been 12 fields that did not reach 3.0 tons per acre (Appendix A).

2017 WAYP Summary Figure 2-3

Alfalfa Persistence:
In-season:  An analysis was done to determine the percent of total season yield for each cutting (Table 4). Data was summarized for 3-, 4-, and 5-cut systems for all project years. Five-cut fields were also included in the 4-cut summary with the final fall harvest not included in the total season yield. It’s significant to note the wide variation in percent yield for an individual cutting. In some cases this is the result of environmental conditions (e.g. drought) previous to the harvest while in other situations it’s simply a function of cutting date (Tables 2 and 3). The 4-cut system in 2017 showed little variation from the long term mean. However, the 3-cut system had a greater proportion of the season yield in the first cut than expected.

Table 4.  Average percent of total season yield by cutting for 3, 4 and 5 cut harvest systems* (2007-17)
3-cut system (4-Fall) (n=29 site years)
  1st cut 2nd cut 3rd cut    
2017 53 24 22
Mean 46 28 26
Low 26 15 13
High 72 43 49
4-cut system (3+Fall, 5-Fall) (n=175 site years)
  1st cut 2nd cut 3rd cut 4th cut
2017 37 26 19 18
Mean 36 25 21 18
Low 20 14 5 5
High 58 37 34 30
5-cut system (4+Fall)      (n=22 site years)
  1st cut 2nd cut 3rd cut 4th cut 5th cut
Mean 31 23 18 16 12
Low 21 14 10 9 6
High 41 39 26 24 18

* high and low figures are for individual cuttings and will not add to 100%

Between years:   Persistence is influenced over time by the age of the stand, cutting schedule, and environment. For this project, persistence is being measured as a percent of 1st production year dry matter yield. Persistence data in Table 5 consists of 2006 through 2015-seeded fields and is averaged over all cutting schedules. Although ranges indicate a wide variation, average forage yield in the 2nd and 3rd production year have been comparable to the 1st production year. The yield for 4th-year stands drops to 79% of the 1st-production year. To date it appears that keeping stands for at least three production years seems to be the prudent decision, but the condition and productivity of individual fields are the most important factors in determining when to rotate to a different crop. The numbers could also be somewhat misleading because not all fields are kept for a full 4-year production cycle. Those that are removed earlier at the producer’s discretion no longer generate data which would result in lower averages. Therefore this should be viewed as data from fields that producer’s judge good enough to keep.

Table 5.  Percent of 1st production year yield by cutting and total season for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th production year stands. (2007-17)
2nd Production Year Stands (n=64 site years)
  1st cut 2nd cut 3rd cut 4th cut Season
Mean 113 105 112 100 102
Low 44 39 23 39 63
High 275 291 491 279 236
3rd Production Year Stands (n=44 site years)
  1st cut 2nd cut 3rd cut 4th cut Season
Mean 106 106 105 96 98
Low 57 43 32 23 63
High 250 299 370 169 183
4th Production Year Stands (n=13 site years)
  1st cut 2nd cut 3rd cut 4th cut Season
Mean 86 84 94 75 79
Low 38 47 54 23 59
High 138 147 141 132 115

Forage Quality:
Forage quality, although extremely important, is not the primary focus of this project. However, it is impossible to evaluate changes in management to maximize yield and persistence without considering the impact on forage quality. Harvested forage quality in 2017 showed consistency through the first three cuttings (161-172 RFQ) before increasing in the fourth cut (192 RFQ). (Figure 8). 1st cut was below average, but the later cuts were above. The total season average RFQ was 167, which matches the long-term average. This is should be adequate for dairy quality forage. The reduction in quality on 1st cut was likely caused by weather issues and the amount of overwintering residue on fields from excellent fall growth. This also likely reduced crude protein content in cut 1 (Figure 4). The average of 17.9% was 1.5% below 2016, which also was a record low by 1.2%. Crude protein also matched the record low in cut 2 and was below average in cut 3 and cut 4. The overall level season mean of 19.5% was the lowest seen in the eleven year study.

A bright spot again was NDFD (Figure 7). All cuts were consistently high and the best or second best seen in the study. The overall season NDFD of 51.9% ranked first ahead of 50.4% in 2007. (Figure 6)

Other notable forage quality results from 2017 included:

  • Although much below normal, crude protein percent consistently increased through the season (Figure 4), similar to previous years. The overall season percent still set a record low because much of the total production is weighted toward the first two cuts. The previous worst years were seen in 2016 and 2010. This was the fourth year in a row with decreasing crude protein levels.
  • NDF percent was above average for each cut and the total season (Figure 5). Cut 1 (42.6%) and total season (41.4%) topped previous record highs that were set in 2016. Other cuts were in the top three or four. This was the fifth year in a row with increasing NDF.
  • NDFD percent was the second highest for cut 1 and set new records for cut 2, cut 3, cut 4, and the season total. (Figure 8). This is the third straight year with good NDFD levels.
  • Milk/Ton for all cuts was above average and cut 2, cut 4, and total season set new high marks. The 2017 average of 3,015 lbs/tn bests the 2,973 lbs/tn observed in 2007, the first year of the study when all fields were in the first production year.
  • Crude protein, NDF, and RFQ changes were tracked during 1st crop because harvest was extended each of the past two years. There was a shorter harvest window in 2017, which lowered the confidence, but similar results were observed as previous years. A regression shows that crude protein dropped 0.22 – 0.24% per day, NDF increased 0.54 – 0.57% per day and RFQ decreased 2.2 – 3.1 points per day as harvest progressed in 2015 to 2017 (Figures 10-12). These numbers are similar to the expected change of -0.25%/day for crude protein, slightly more than +0.41%/day expected for NDF and less than -4 to -5/day expected for RFQ.

2017 WAYP Summary Figure 4-12_Page_1
2017 WAYP Summary Figure 4-12_Page_2
2017 WAYP Summary Figure 4-12_Page_3

Summary:
The Wisconsin Alfalfa Yield and Persistence Program is designed to provide forage growers and agricultural professionals a unique look at what is happening at the farm level. As more fields are entered and years pass, the reliability of information continues to increase. One field was planted to a low-lignin variety in 2017. It will be interesting to see if results change as more low-lignin varieties are used by producers. Environmental conditions have had a profound influence on both yield and quality with no two years being exactly alike.

Acknowledgements:
First and foremost, UW-Extension Team Forage wishes to thank the producers who took the extra time and effort to obtain weights and forage samples for the project fields at each cutting.

Past and Present UW coordinators for this project:

Mike Bertram, Columbia County

Aerica Bjurstrom, Kewaunee County

Greg Blonde, Waupaca County
Jason Cavadini, Marathon County

Jerry Clark, Chippewa County

Scott Gunderson, Manitowoc County

Mark Hagedorn, Brown County

Kevin Jarek, Outagamie County

Tina Kohlman, Fond du Lac County

David Laatsch, Dodge County

Bryce Larson, Calumet County

Mike Rankin, Fond du Lac County

Nick Schneider, Winnebago County

Ryan Sterry, St. Croix County
Amy Vandebrake, Pierce County

Funding for this project has been provided by the Midwest Forage Association (MFA) and UW Extension Team Forage.
This report was written and data compiled by Mike Bertram, Superintendent, UW Arlington Agricultural Research Station and Jason Cavadini, Asst. Superintendent, UW Marshfield Agricultural Research Station. Questions may be directed to: mbertram@wisc.edu or jason.cavadini@wisc.edu Reports from 2007-2014 were written by Mike Rankin, Emeritus Crops and Soils Agent, Fond du Lac Co.

Appendix A.  Dry matter yield by field, harvest year, cutting, and total season.
Field ID#

Harvest

Year

1st Cut

DM Yield

2nd Cut

DM Yield

3rd Cut

DM Yield

4th Cut

DM Yield

5th Cut

DM Yield

Season

DM Yield

107 2007 1.57 1.53 0.95 0.59 0.34 4.98
207 2007 1.52 1.33 1.00 0.70 0.73 5.27
307 2007 1.54 1.51 1.30 0.90 0.88 6.12
407 2007 1.41 1.57 1.11 0.80 0.71 5.59
507 2007 1.00 1.02 0.37 2.39
607 2007 1.79 1.77 1.20 1.14 5.90
707 2007 1.75 1.23 0.81 0.63 4.41
807 2007 1.79 1.19 1.42 1.10 5.51
Mean 2007 1.55 1.39 1.02 0.84 0.67 5.02
Low 2007 1.00 1.02 0.37 0.59 0.34 2.39
High 2007 1.79 1.77 1.42 1.14 0.88 6.12
107 2008 1.28 1.11 1.07 0.43 3.89
207 2008 1.34 1.08 1.14 0.68 4.23
307 2008  NA 0.86 0.91 0.78
407 2008 NA 1.14 1.09 0.68
507 2008 1.95 1.08 0.76 3.79
807 2008 2.23 1.73 1.31 0.82 6.08
108 2008 1.38 0.74 1.15 3.27
208 2008 2.08 1.54 0.84 4.46
308 2008 1.46 0.83 1.27 0.93 0.45 4.95
408 2008 0.86 0.49 0.85 0.50 2.70
508 2008 2.01 0.72 1.20 0.98 0.37 5.29
608 2008 1.39 1.78 1.54 0.92 5.63
708 2008 1.28 1.05 1.18 0.89 4.40
808 2008 1.81 1.20 1.27 0.79 5.07
908 2008 0.73 0.94 0.89 1.12 3.68
1008 2008  NA 1.06 0.97 0.83
Mean 2008 1.52 1.08 1.09 0.80 0.41 4.42
Low 2008 0.73 0.49 0.76 0.43 0.37 2.70
High 2008 2.23 1.78 1.54 1.12 0.45 6.08
107 2009 0.95 1.06 0.30 0.99 3.31
207 2009 1.28 1.23 0.53 1.00 4.04
307 2009 1.02 1.23 0.69 0.93 3.87
407 2009 1.59 1.02 0.53 0.85 3.99
507 2009 1.38 0.90 0.49 0.76 3.53
807 2009 1.56 0.99 0.98 0.62 4.15
108 2009 1.52 0.83 0.80 3.15
208 2009 1.77 1.18 1.33 4.28
308 2009 1.24 0.94 0.56 1.15 3.89
408 2009 1.80 0.80 0.20 0.64 3.43
508 2009 1.74 1.00 0.59 0.98 4.32
608 2009 2.19 1.23 0.88 0.78 5.07
708 2009 1.40 1.34 0.63 0.98 4.35
808 2009 2.07 1.16 0.59 0.55 4.37
908 2009 1.88 0.99 0.30 0.95 4.13
109 2009 0.57 0.55 1.09 2.21
209 2009 1.92 1.60 0.69 1.06 5.27
309 2009 1.14 0.84 0.43 1.05 3.46
409 2009 1.45 1.24 0.35 0.32 3.37
509 2009 2.05 0.88 0.57 3.49
609 2009 2.36 0.58 0.20 0.95 4.10
Field ID#

Harvest

Year

1st Cut

DM Yield

2nd Cut

DM Yield

3rd Cut

DM Yield

4th Cut

DM Yield

5th Cut

DM Yield

Season

DM Yield

709 2009 2.27 1.25 0.82 0.92 5.26
809 2009 2.08 1.03 0.85 0.72 4.68
Mean 2009 1.62 1.04 0.63 0.85   3.99
Low 2009 0.57 0.55 0.20 0.32   2.21
High 2009 2.36 1.60 1.33 1.15   5.27
307 2010 1.16 1.24 1.24 0.52 4.17
807 2010 1.38 1.32 1.22 0.81 4.74
208 2010 1.99 1.65 1.26 0.62 5.52
308 2010 1.65 1.66 0.85 0.41 4.57
408 2010 1.85 1.46 0.76 0.51 4.58
508 2010 1.88 1.81 0.69 0.48 4.86
608 2010 2.09 1.79 1.46 0.82 6.16
708 2010 1.45 1.33 1.39 0.67 4.84
808 2010 1.66 1.77 1.57 0.90 5.91
908 2010 1.83 0.84 1.27 0.51 4.45
109 2010 1.57 1.42 0.90 1.33 5.23
209 2010 1.91 1.80 1.09 0.91 5.71
309 2010 2.16 1.85 0.91 0.70 5.61
409 2010 1.43 0.96 0.55 0.39 3.33
609 2010 2.34 1.78 1.05 1.00 6.17
709 2010 2.32 0.94 1.08 0.57 4.90
809 2010 1.86 1.67 1.07 0.47 5.07
110 2010 1.46 1.65 1.40 0.54 5.05
210 2010 2.07 1.76 0.94 0.51 5.28
310 2010 1.59 1.21 0.97 0.57 4.33
410 2010 2.00 1.26 0.94 0.41 4.61
510 2010 1.87 1.69 1.05 0.62 0.39 5.62
610 2010 2.08 1.40 1.09 0.46 0.34 5.37
Mean 2010 1.81 1.49 1.08 0.64 0.37 5.05
Low 2010 1.16 0.84 0.55 0.39 0.34 3.33
High 2010 2.34 1.85 1.57 1.33 0.39 6.17
             
208 2011 0.78 0.90 1.05 0.45 3.18
308 2011 1.31 1.12 0.85 0.79 4.06
408 2011 1.19 0.72 0.67 0.51 3.09
508 2011 1.25 0.85 0.65 0.69 3.44
608 2011 1.10 0.83 1.16 0.45 3.54
708 2011 1.50 0.75 1.37 0.78 4.41
808 2011 1.07 0.65 1.15 0.90 3.77
908 2011 0.92 0.52 0.87 0.49 2.80
109 2011 1.29 0.97 1.03 0.76 4.05
209 2011 1.59 1.02 0.92 0.92 4.45
309 2011 1.53 1.15 1.14 0.95 4.77
409 2011 1.27 0.81 0.47 0.48 3.03
609 2011 1.76 0.90 1.68 0.78 5.12
210 2011 1.13 0.72 1.04 0.80 3.69
310 2011 1.25 0.63 0.97 0.78 3.63
410 2011 1.33 0.60 1.08 0.57 3.58
510 2011 1.47 1.08 1.07 0.73 4.35
610 2011 1.41 0.92 0.88 0.83 4.04
111 2011 2.45 1.29 1.32 1.19 6.26
211 2011 1.39 0.85 1.20 1.10 4.55
311 2011 2.30 0.94 1.66 1.00 5.90
411 2011 1.70 NA 1.68 0.64 NA
               
               
Field ID#

Harvest

Year

1st Cut

DM Yield

2nd Cut

DM Yield

3rd Cut

DM Yield

4th Cut

DM Yield

5th Cut

DM Yield

Season

DM Yield

Mean 2011 1.41 0.87 1.09 0.75   4.08
Low 2011 0.78 0.52 0.47 0.45   2.80
High 2011 2.45 1.29 1.68 1.19   6.26
             
209 2012 1.47 1.01 0.97 0.40 3.85
210 2012 1.46 0.75 0.43 0.80 0.76 4.20
310 2012 1.22 0.67 0.45 0.69 0.45 3.48
410 2012 1.14 0.62 0.38 0.66 0.56 3.36
510 2012 1.20 1.13 0.74 0.63 0.73 4.44
610 2012 2.33 1.18 1.12 0.66 5.30
111 2012 2.03 1.79 1.55 1.18 6.55
211 2012 1.11 1.10 0.78 0.79 0.48 4.26
112 2012 1.46 0.85 1.11 0.85 0.63 4.90
212 2012 1.74 1.21 1.32 1.27 5.55
312 2012 1.65 0.78 0.59 0.70 0.68 4.40
412 2012 2.06 0.81 0.64 0.86 0.64 5.00
Mean 2012 1.46 1.01 0.82 0.78 0.58 4.51
Low 2012 0.84 0.62 0.38 0.40 0.34 3.36
High 2012 2.33 1.88 1.55 1.27 0.76 6.55
               
111 2013 1.70 0.85 0.87 0.94 4.35
212 2013 1.89 1.47 1.06 0.99 5.40
312 2013 1.20 1.02 0.65 0.48 3.35
412 2013 1.26 1.16 0.74 0.63 3.79
512 2013 1.30 1.11 0.80 0.65 3.87
612 2013 0.86 0.86 0.63 0.43 2.78
712 2013 0.83 1.03 0.65 0.44 2.95
812 2013 1.94 1.26 1.03 0.84 5.07
113 2013 2.27 1.80 1.19 5.26
213 2013 0.82 1.08 0.62 0.76 3.28
313 2013 0.82 0.83 0.51 0.60 2.76
413 2013 0.92 1.11 0.72 0.50 3.25
513 2013 0.47 0.40 0.44 0.30 1.62
Mean 2013 1.25 1.08 0.76 0.63   3.67
Low 2013 0.47 0.40 0.44 0.30   1.62
High 2013 2.27 1.80 1.19 0.99   5.40
             
212 2014 1.76 1.53 0.77 0.88 4.93
312 2014 1.69 0.97 0.70 0.80 4.16
412 2014 1.56 0.89 0.75 0.70 3.90
512 2014 1.48 0.59 0.76 0.65 3.48
612 2014 1.41 0.66 0.54 0.59 3.20
113 2014 1.80 1.70 1.24 1.03 5.79
213 2014 1.39 0.51 0.64 1.05 3.58
313 2014 1.09 0.53 0.66 0.84 3.13
413 2014 1.87 0.68 0.67 0.90 4.12
114 2014 1.93 1.88 1.24 1.25 6.28
214 2014 1.49 1.77 1.36 0.88 5.50
314 2014 1.88 1.14 1.02 0.73 4.77
414 2014 1.74 1.99 1.19 1.09 6.02
514 2014 1.77 0.89 0.55 0.75 3.95
614 2014 2.13 0.88 0.35 0.73 4.09
714 2014 2.96 1.24 1.02 0.91 6.12
814 2014 1.42 1.22 0.42 0.70 3.75
914 2014 1.18 1.20 0.93 3.31
1014 2014 2.04 1.58 1.20 4.82
1114 2014 1.42 0.73 0.76 0.74 3.65
Field ID#

Harvest

Year

1st Cut

DM Yield

2nd Cut

DM Yield

3rd Cut

DM Yield

4th Cut

DM Yield

5th Cut

DM Yield

Season

DM Yield

1214 2014 1.23 0.54 0.95 0.70 3.42
1314 2014 1.20 0.49 0.88 0.83 3.39
1414 2014 1.28 1.93 0.72 1.31 5.23
1514 2014 1.87 1.24 0.81 1.58 5.50
Mean 2014 1.65 1.12 0.84 0.89   4.42
Low 2014 1.09 0.49 0.35 0.59   3.13
High 2014 2.96 1.99 1.36 1.58   6.28
 
113 2015 1.59 1.50 1.61 0.85 5.55
114 2015 1.87 1.60 1.46 1.02 5.95
214 2015 1.25 0.88 0.88 0.72 0.66 4.40
314 2015 1.76 1.15 0.95 0.75 4.61
414 2015 1.67 1.60 1.24 0.64 5.14
514 2015 1.25 1.84 1.17 4.26
614 2015 2.89 1.21 0.86 0.70 5.67
714 2015 1.29 0.99 1.63 0.89 4.80
814 2015 1.30 0.77 0.95 0.35 3.37
914 2015 2.26 0.73 1.00 3.99
1014 2015 2.39 0.62 1.11 4.12
1414 2015 2.04 1.26 0.95 0.82 5.06
1514 2015 2.03 1.14 1.03 0.84 5.03
115 2015 1.16 1.30 0.87 0.77 4.10
215 2015 1.65 1.10 0.70 3.45
315 2015 1.53 0.76 1.19 1.07 4.55
415 2015 1.90 0.81 0.98 0.76 4.45
515 2015 1.98 0.91 1.02 0.76 4.66
615 2015 1.20 0.69 0.57 0.29 2.74
715 2015 1.51 0.83 0.95 0.63 3.92
815 2015 1.83 1.17 0.91 3.90
915 2015 2.33 1.05 1.91 5.28
1015 2015 1.81 1.36 1.49 0.95 5.60
Mean 2015 1.76 1.10 1.10 0.75 0.66 4.55
Low 2015 1.16 0.62 0.57 0.29 0.66 2.74
High 2015 2.89 1.84 1.91 1.07 0.66 5.95
114 2016 2.20 1.49 1.23 0.90 5.82
214 2016 1.74 1.12 0.76 0.45 4.06
314 2016 2.30 1.13 0.68 0.62 4.73
414 2016 1.97 1.47 1.12 0.80 5.35
514 2016 1.98 1.68 1.56 5.22
614 2016 2.22 1.12 1.28 1.07 5.70
714 2016 2.17 1.35 1.08 1.06 5.66
1014 2016 2.64 1.36 1.04 0.25 5.30
1414 2016 1.35 1.53 1.09 0.79 4.76
115 2016 1.57 1.40 1.00 0.67 0.80 5.44
215 2016 1.85 1.36 0.88 0.44 4.54
315 2016 1.61 0.88 0.79 0.42 3.70
415 2016 1.49 1.35 0.74 1.07 4.65
515 2016 2.37 0.88 0.83 1.03 5.10
615 2016 1.31 0.81 0.76 0.80 3.67
715 2016 1.28 1.09 1.10 0.84 4.31
815 2016 1.94 0.84 0.93 3.70
915 2016 2.54 1.17 1.21 4.93
1015 2016 1.92 1.40 1.31 1.07 5.70
116 2016 2.35 1.14 1.73 5.21
216 2016 1.24 0.94 0.86 0.89 3.94
316 2016 1.45 0.85 0.79 0.84 3.94
Field ID#

Harvest

Year

1st Cut

DM Yield

2nd Cut

DM Yield

3rd Cut

DM Yield

4th Cut

DM Yield

5th Cut

DM Yield

Season

DM Yield

416 2016 1.30 0.85 0.71 0.57 3.43
516 2016 1.65 0.82 0.88 0.86 4.21
616 2016 1.36 0.71 0.67 0.89 3.64
716 2016 2.15 1.30 1.26 1.36 6.07
Mean 2016 1.84 1.16 1.01 0.80 0.80 4.72
Low 2016 1.24 0.71 0.67 0.25 0.80 3.43
High 2016 2.64 1.68 1.73 1.36 0.80 6.07
414 2017 1.97 1.47 1.12 0.80 5.35
714 2017 2.03 0.96 1.06 1.20 5.25
115 2017 1.12 1.14 1.04 0.94 4.23
515 2017 1.17 1.01 0.48 0.39 3.05
815 2017 1.97 0.61 0.75 0.57 3.89
1015 2017 2.04 0.98 0.58 0.79 4.39
116 2017 2.37 0.51 0.42 3.30
716 2017 2.00 1.33 1.10 0.90 5.32
117 2017 1.80 0.79 0.78 3.37
217 2017 1.64 1.50 1.10 0.89 5.13
317 2017 0.93 0.80 0.53 0.52 2.78
417 2017 0.97 0.83 0.39 0.42 2.60
517 2017 1.56 1.49 0.78 0.87 4.69
617 2017 1.75 1.15 0.97 0.92 4.79
717 2017 1.09 0.87 0.90 2.85
817 2017 1.99 1.12 0.88 3.99
Mean 2017 1.65 1.04 0.81 0.77   4.06
Low 2017 0.93 0.51 0.39 0.39   2.60
High 2017 2.37 1.50 1.12 1.20   5.35